feat(crm): ampliar solicitud de servicio y encadenar el ciclo comercial

Solicitud de servicio: - Campos del documento maestro de cotización (ruta estructurada por país, mercancía, dimensiones/bultos, FCL/LCL, servicios adicionales, notas). - Origen/Destino seleccionables por catálogo de país (seed ya poblado). - Validación de contacto asociado (422 si no existe). Ciclo Oportunidad -> Solicitud -> Cotización -> Operación: - Dirección impo/expo se captura en la Oportunidad y se hereda al ciclo. - Conversión Oportunidad->Solicitud idempotente con back-link. - Endpoint Solicitud->Cotización; "Ambas" genera 2 cotizaciones (FCL/LCL). - Liberación a Operaciones confirma IMPO/EXPO (prefijado) y siembra los hitos. - Fecha de la cotización (issue_date) por defecto hoy, editable y en el PDF. Folios auto-generados {LETRA}{AAAA}-{MM}-{NNN}-{DIR} para Oportunidad (O), Solicitud (S), Cotización (C) y Operación (OP); consecutivo mensual por compañía y entidad (crm.folio_counters + helper next_folio con bloqueo de fila). Catálogos: 9 nuevos (tipo_operacion, medio_transporte, tipo_servicio, prioridad, tipo_mercancia, unidad_medida, tipo_embalaje, servicio_adicional, tipo_documento). Migración b1c2d3e4f5a6 reversible (upgrade->downgrade->upgrade verificado en PG). 25 pruebas unitarias nuevas (folios, catálogos, solicitudes, cotizaciones, embarques); suite completa en verde (101 pruebas). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-03 17:51:40 -06:00
parent 87d23b3d23
commit 915bdd19fe
34 changed files with 1364 additions and 100 deletions
--- a/backend/alembic/versions/b1c2d3e4f5a6_service_request_quote_fields.py
+++ b/backend/alembic/versions/b1c2d3e4f5a6_service_request_quote_fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+"""Campos del documento maestro de cotización en la solicitud + folios del ciclo comercial
+
+Revision ID: b1c2d3e4f5a6
+Revises: a0b1c2d3e4f5
+Create Date: 2026-08-03 00:00:00.000000
+
+Amplía crm.service_requests con los campos que exige el documento maestro de
+cotización, agrega los back-links y la dirección impo/expo del ciclo
+Oportunidad→Solicitud→Cotización→Operación, y crea crm.folio_counters para los
+folios auto-generados ({LETRA}{AAAA}-{MM}-{NNN}-{DIR}).
+"""
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+revision: str = "b1c2d3e4f5a6"
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = "a0b1c2d3e4f5"
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+
+SCHEMA = "crm"
+
+# Columnas nuevas de crm.service_requests (nombre, tipo, kwargs).
+_SR_COLUMNS = [
+    ("contact_id", sa.Integer(), {}),
+    ("request_date", sa.Date(), {}),
+    ("currency", sa.String(length=3), {}),
+    ("priority", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("origin_country", sa.String(length=3), {}),
+    ("origin_city", sa.String(length=120), {}),
+    ("origin_port", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("destination_country", sa.String(length=3), {}),
+    ("destination_city", sa.String(length=120), {}),
+    ("destination_port", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("pickup_location", sa.String(length=255), {}),
+    ("delivery_location", sa.String(length=255), {}),
+    ("estimated_shipment_date", sa.Date(), {}),
+    ("cargo_value", sa.Numeric(14, 2), {}),
+    ("insurance_required", sa.Boolean(), {"server_default": sa.text("false")}),
+    ("hs_code", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("goods_origin_country", sa.String(length=3), {}),
+    ("hazardous_imo", sa.Boolean(), {"server_default": sa.text("false")}),
+    ("refrigerated", sa.Boolean(), {"server_default": sa.text("false")}),
+    ("stackable", sa.Boolean(), {"server_default": sa.text("false")}),
+    ("pieces_count", sa.Integer(), {}),
+    ("boxes_count", sa.Integer(), {}),
+    ("pallets_count", sa.Integer(), {}),
+    ("net_weight", sa.Numeric(14, 3), {}),
+    ("length_cm", sa.Numeric(10, 2), {}),
+    ("width_cm", sa.Numeric(10, 2), {}),
+    ("height_cm", sa.Numeric(10, 2), {}),
+    ("measurement_unit", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("container_count", sa.Integer(), {}),
+    ("packaging_type", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("oversized", sa.Boolean(), {"server_default": sa.text("false")}),
+    ("weight_per_pallet", sa.Numeric(14, 3), {}),
+    ("volume_per_pallet", sa.Numeric(14, 3), {}),
+    ("additional_services", sa.JSON(), {}),
+    ("payment_method", sa.String(length=20), {}),
+    ("client_notes", sa.Text(), {}),
+    ("internal_notes", sa.Text(), {}),
+]
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    # ----- crm.service_requests: campos del documento maestro de cotización -----
+    for name, col_type, kwargs in _SR_COLUMNS:
+        nullable = "server_default" not in kwargs  # los boolean quedan NOT NULL con default false
+        op.add_column(
+            "service_requests",
+            sa.Column(name, col_type, nullable=nullable, **kwargs),
+            schema=SCHEMA,
+        )
+    op.create_foreign_key(
+        "fk_crm_service_requests_contact_id", "service_requests", "contacts",
+        ["contact_id"], ["id"], source_schema=SCHEMA, referent_schema=SCHEMA,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_crm_service_requests_contact_id", "service_requests", ["contact_id"], schema=SCHEMA
+    )
+
+    # ----- crm.documents: adjuntos de una solicitud -----
+    op.add_column(
+        "documents", sa.Column("service_request_id", sa.Integer(), nullable=True), schema=SCHEMA
+    )
+    op.create_foreign_key(
+        "fk_crm_documents_service_request_id", "documents", "service_requests",
+        ["service_request_id"], ["id"], source_schema=SCHEMA, referent_schema=SCHEMA,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_crm_documents_service_request_id", "documents", ["service_request_id"], schema=SCHEMA
+    )
+
+    # ----- crm.opportunities: dirección impo/expo + folio + back-link a la solicitud -----
+    op.add_column("opportunities", sa.Column("operation_type", sa.String(length=20), nullable=True), schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.add_column("opportunities", sa.Column("reference", sa.String(length=40), nullable=True), schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.add_column(
+        "opportunities",
+        sa.Column("converted_service_request_id", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+        schema=SCHEMA,
+    )
+    op.create_foreign_key(
+        "fk_crm_opportunities_converted_sr", "opportunities", "service_requests",
+        ["converted_service_request_id"], ["id"], source_schema=SCHEMA, referent_schema=SCHEMA,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_crm_opportunities_reference", "opportunities", ["reference"], schema=SCHEMA
+    )
+
+    # ----- crm.quotes: variante FCL/LCL para la comparación "Ambas" -----
+    op.add_column("quotes", sa.Column("load_type", sa.String(length=10), nullable=True), schema=SCHEMA)
+
+    # ----- crm.folio_counters: consecutivo mensual por compañía y entidad -----
+    op.create_table(
+        "folio_counters",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("entity", sa.String(length=4), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("period", sa.String(length=7), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("last_number", sa.Integer(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("0")),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("company_id", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("now()")),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("now()")),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(["tenant_id"], ["core.tenants.id"]),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint(
+            "tenant_id", "company_id", "entity", "period", name="uq_crm_folio_counters_scope"
+        ),
+        schema=SCHEMA,
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_id", "folio_counters", ["id"], schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.create_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_tenant_id", "folio_counters", ["tenant_id"], schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.create_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_company_id", "folio_counters", ["company_id"], schema=SCHEMA)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_company_id", table_name="folio_counters", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_tenant_id", table_name="folio_counters", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_folio_counters_id", table_name="folio_counters", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_table("folio_counters", schema=SCHEMA)
+
+    op.drop_column("quotes", "load_type", schema=SCHEMA)
+
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_opportunities_reference", table_name="opportunities", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_constraint("fk_crm_opportunities_converted_sr", "opportunities", schema=SCHEMA, type_="foreignkey")
+    op.drop_column("opportunities", "converted_service_request_id", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_column("opportunities", "reference", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_column("opportunities", "operation_type", schema=SCHEMA)
+
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_documents_service_request_id", table_name="documents", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_constraint("fk_crm_documents_service_request_id", "documents", schema=SCHEMA, type_="foreignkey")
+    op.drop_column("documents", "service_request_id", schema=SCHEMA)
+
+    op.drop_index("ix_crm_service_requests_contact_id", table_name="service_requests", schema=SCHEMA)
+    op.drop_constraint("fk_crm_service_requests_contact_id", "service_requests", schema=SCHEMA, type_="foreignkey")
+    for name, _col_type, _kwargs in reversed(_SR_COLUMNS):
+        op.drop_column("service_requests", name, schema=SCHEMA)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/catalogs/seed_data.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/catalogs/seed_data.py
@@ -766,3 +766,85 @@ TENANT_CATALOG_LABELS = {'servicio': 'Servicios que ofrece',
 'puerto': 'Puertos donde opera',
 'aeropuerto': 'Aeropuertos donde opera',
 'aduana': 'Aduanas donde opera'}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Catálogos del proceso comercial (Solicitud de servicio → Cotización).
+# Alimentan los selects de la solicitud y del ciclo Oportunidad→Cotización.
+# is_system = catálogos base que el cliente no puede borrar (sólo activar/desactivar).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+GLOBAL_CATALOGS.update({
+    'tipo_operacion': {'label': 'Tipo de operación',
+                       'is_system': True,
+                       'items': [{'code': 'importacion', 'label': 'Importación'},
+                                 {'code': 'exportacion', 'label': 'Exportación'}]},
+    'medio_transporte': {'label': 'Medio de transporte',
+                         'is_system': True,
+                         'items': [{'code': 'maritimo', 'label': 'Marítimo'},
+                                   {'code': 'aereo', 'label': 'Aéreo'},
+                                   {'code': 'terrestre', 'label': 'Terrestre'},
+                                   {'code': 'ferroviario', 'label': 'Ferroviario'},
+                                   {'code': 'multimodal', 'label': 'Multimodal'}]},
+    'tipo_servicio': {'label': 'Tipo de servicio',
+                      'is_system': True,
+                      'items': [{'code': 'puerto_puerto', 'label': 'Puerto a puerto'},
+                                {'code': 'puerto_puerta', 'label': 'Puerto a puerta'},
+                                {'code': 'puerta_puerto', 'label': 'Puerta a puerto'},
+                                {'code': 'puerta_puerta', 'label': 'Puerta a puerta'}]},
+    'prioridad': {'label': 'Prioridad',
+                  'is_system': False,
+                  'items': [{'code': 'baja', 'label': 'Baja'},
+                            {'code': 'normal', 'label': 'Normal'},
+                            {'code': 'alta', 'label': 'Alta'},
+                            {'code': 'urgente', 'label': 'Urgente'}]},
+    'tipo_mercancia': {'label': 'Tipo de mercancía',
+                       'is_system': False,
+                       'items': [{'code': 'general', 'label': 'Carga general'},
+                                 {'code': 'perecedera', 'label': 'Perecedera'},
+                                 {'code': 'peligrosa', 'label': 'Peligrosa (IMO)'},
+                                 {'code': 'refrigerada', 'label': 'Refrigerada'},
+                                 {'code': 'granel', 'label': 'Granel'},
+                                 {'code': 'sobredimensionada', 'label': 'Sobredimensionada'},
+                                 {'code': 'valiosa', 'label': 'Valiosa'},
+                                 {'code': 'otro', 'label': 'Otro'}]},
+    'unidad_medida': {'label': 'Unidad de medida',
+                      'is_system': False,
+                      'items': [{'code': 'cm', 'label': 'Centímetros (cm)'},
+                                {'code': 'm', 'label': 'Metros (m)'},
+                                {'code': 'in', 'label': 'Pulgadas (in)'},
+                                {'code': 'ft', 'label': 'Pies (ft)'},
+                                {'code': 'kg', 'label': 'Kilogramos (kg)'},
+                                {'code': 'lb', 'label': 'Libras (lb)'},
+                                {'code': 'm3', 'label': 'Metros cúbicos (m³)'}]},
+    'tipo_embalaje': {'label': 'Tipo de embalaje',
+                      'is_system': False,
+                      'items': [{'code': 'caja', 'label': 'Caja'},
+                                {'code': 'pallet', 'label': 'Pallet'},
+                                {'code': 'tarima', 'label': 'Tarima'},
+                                {'code': 'huacal', 'label': 'Huacal'},
+                                {'code': 'saco', 'label': 'Saco'},
+                                {'code': 'tambor', 'label': 'Tambor'},
+                                {'code': 'rollo', 'label': 'Rollo'},
+                                {'code': 'atado', 'label': 'Atado'},
+                                {'code': 'granel', 'label': 'Granel'},
+                                {'code': 'otro', 'label': 'Otro'}]},
+    'servicio_adicional': {'label': 'Servicios adicionales',
+                           'is_system': False,
+                           'items': [{'code': 'seguro', 'label': 'Seguro de la mercancía'},
+                                     {'code': 'despacho_aduanal', 'label': 'Despacho aduanal'},
+                                     {'code': 'transporte_terrestre', 'label': 'Transporte terrestre'},
+                                     {'code': 'almacenaje', 'label': 'Almacenaje'},
+                                     {'code': 'maniobras', 'label': 'Maniobras'},
+                                     {'code': 'custodia', 'label': 'Custodia'},
+                                     {'code': 'revalidacion', 'label': 'Revalidación'},
+                                     {'code': 'inspeccion', 'label': 'Inspección'},
+                                     {'code': 'otro', 'label': 'Otro'}]},
+    'tipo_documento': {'label': 'Tipo de documento',
+                       'is_system': False,
+                       'items': [{'code': 'factura_comercial', 'label': 'Factura comercial'},
+                                 {'code': 'packing_list', 'label': 'Packing list'},
+                                 {'code': 'certificado_origen', 'label': 'Certificado de origen'},
+                                 {'code': 'hoja_seguridad_msds', 'label': 'Hoja de seguridad (MSDS)'},
+                                 {'code': 'ficha_tecnica', 'label': 'Ficha técnica'},
+                                 {'code': 'carta_instrucciones', 'label': 'Carta de instrucciones'},
+                                 {'code': 'otro', 'label': 'Otro'}]},
+})
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/common/init.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/common/init.py
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/common/folios.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/common/folios.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Folios auto-generados del ciclo comercial (Oportunidad → Solicitud → Cotización → Operación).
+
+Formato: ``{LETRA}{AAAA}-{MM}-{NNN}-{DIR}`` (ej. ``O2025-08-001-E``):
+- LETRA: entidad — ``O`` Oportunidad, ``S`` Solicitud, ``C`` Cotización, ``OP`` Operación/Embarque.
+- ``AAAA-MM``: año-mes de creación.
+- ``NNN``: consecutivo **mensual** por compañía y por entidad (reinicia cada mes).
+- ``DIR``: ``I`` importación / ``E`` exportación (``X`` si aún no se define la dirección).
+
+El consecutivo se toma de ``crm.folio_counters`` con bloqueo de fila para evitar
+duplicados por concurrencia. En SQLite (pruebas) el ``FOR UPDATE`` se ignora sin error;
+la unicidad la garantiza el índice único (tenant, company, entity, period).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, UniqueConstraint, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from api.v1.common.base_models import BaseTimestampMixin, TenantScopedMixin
+from core.database import Base
+
+# Entidades válidas y su letra de folio.
+ENTITIES = ("O", "S", "C", "OP")
+# Mapa dirección de operación → sufijo del folio.
+_DIRECTION_SUFFIX = {"importacion": "I", "exportacion": "E"}
+
+
+class FolioCounter(Base, TenantScopedMixin, BaseTimestampMixin):
+    """Consecutivo mensual por compañía y entidad para armar los folios del ciclo."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "folio_counters"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "tenant_id", "company_id", "entity", "period", name="uq_crm_folio_counters_scope"
+        ),
+        {"schema": "crm"},
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    entity: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(4), nullable=False)  # O | S | C | OP
+    period: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(7), nullable=False)  # 'AAAA-MM'
+    last_number: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, server_default=text("0"))
+
+
+def direction_suffix(direction: str | None) -> str:
+    """Devuelve la letra de dirección del folio (I/E) o 'X' si no está definida."""
+    return _DIRECTION_SUFFIX.get(direction or "", "X")
+
+
+def next_folio(
+    db,
+    tenant_id: int,
+    company_id: int,
+    entity: str,
+    direction: str | None,
+    on_date: date | None = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Genera el siguiente folio de una entidad, incrementando su consecutivo mensual.
+
+    Reserva el número dentro de la transacción activa (no hace commit): el ``create_*``
+    que lo invoca es quien confirma junto con la fila recién creada.
+    """
+    if entity not in ENTITIES:
+        raise ValueError(f"Entidad de folio inválida: {entity!r}")
+    on_date = on_date or date.today()
+    period = on_date.strftime("%Y-%m")
+
+    counter = (
+        db.query(FolioCounter)
+        .filter(
+            FolioCounter.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            FolioCounter.company_id == company_id,
+            FolioCounter.entity == entity,
+            FolioCounter.period == period,
+        )
+        .with_for_update()
+        .first()
+    )
+    if counter is None:
+        counter = FolioCounter(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id, company_id=company_id, entity=entity, period=period, last_number=0
+        )
+        db.add(counter)
+        db.flush()
+
+    counter.last_number = (counter.last_number or 0) + 1
+    db.flush()
+
+    sequence = f"{counter.last_number:03d}"
+    return f"{entity}{period}-{sequence}-{direction_suffix(direction)}"
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/documents/models.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/documents/models.py
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ class Document(Base, TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin):
    supplier_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
        Integer, ForeignKey("crm.suppliers.id"), nullable=True, index=True
    )
+    # Documento adjunto a una solicitud de servicio (factura, packing list, MSDS, etc.)
+    service_request_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, ForeignKey("crm.service_requests.id"), nullable=True, index=True
+    )
    # constancia_fiscal | acta_constitutiva | identificacion | comprobante_domicilio |
    # contrato | presentacion | certificacion | licencia | convenio | tarifario | otro
    doc_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(60), nullable=False)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/dto.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/dto.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class OpportunityCreate(BaseModel):
    source: str | None = Field(None, max_length=60)
    owner_user_id: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
    notes: str | None = None
+    operation_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)  # importacion | exportacion


 class OpportunityUpdate(BaseModel):
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ class OpportunityUpdate(BaseModel):
    source: str | None = Field(None, max_length=60)
    owner_user_id: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
    notes: str | None = None
+    operation_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)


 class OpportunityMove(BaseModel):
@@ -61,6 +63,9 @@ class OpportunityResponse(BaseModel):
    source: str | None
    owner_user_id: str | None
    notes: str | None
+    operation_type: str | None = None
+    reference: str | None = None
+    converted_service_request_id: int | None = None
    tenant_id: int
    company_id: int
    created_at: datetime
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/models.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/models.py
@@ -38,3 +38,10 @@ class Opportunity(Base, TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin):
    source: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(60), nullable=True)
    owner_user_id: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True, index=True)
    notes: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    # Dirección de la operación (importacion|exportacion): se hereda a Solicitud→Cotización→Embarque
+    operation_type: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    reference: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(40), nullable=True, index=True)  # folio O...
+    # Solicitud generada al convertir la oportunidad (back-link idempotente)
+    converted_service_request_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, ForeignKey("crm.service_requests.id"), nullable=True
+    )
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/service.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/opportunities/service.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from fastapi import HTTPException, status
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session

 from ..accounts.models import Account
+from ..common.folios import next_folio
 from ..contacts.models import Contact
 from ..pipelines.models import Pipeline, PipelineStage
 from .dto import OpportunityCreate, OpportunityUpdate
@@ -149,6 +150,9 @@ def create_opportunity(
    if opportunity.stage_id is not None:
        stage = _get_scoped_stage(db, opportunity.stage_id, tenant_id, company_id)
        _apply_stage_state(opportunity, stage)
+    # Folio O... auto-generado (mensual). La dirección impo/expo se hereda al ciclo.
+    if not opportunity.reference:
+        opportunity.reference = next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "O", opportunity.operation_type)
    db.add(opportunity)
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(opportunity)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/dto.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/dto.py
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ class QuoteBase(BaseModel):
    service_request_id: int | None = None
    account_id: int | None = None
    currency: str = Field("USD", max_length=3)
+    load_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)  # FCL | LCL (variante de la comparación "Ambas")
    issue_date: date | None = None
    valid_until: date | None = None
    notes: str | None = None
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ class QuoteUpdate(BaseModel):
    service_request_id: int | None = None
    account_id: int | None = None
    currency: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    load_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
    issue_date: date | None = None
    valid_until: date | None = None
    notes: str | None = None
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/models.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/models.py
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ class Quote(Base, TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin):
        Integer, ForeignKey("crm.accounts.id"), nullable=True, index=True
    )
    currency: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(3), nullable=False, server_default=text("'USD'"))
+    # Variante de carga cuando la solicitud es "Ambas": FCL | LCL (NULL si no aplica)
+    load_type: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(10), nullable=True)
    # borrador | enviada | aceptada | rechazada
    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=False, server_default=text("'borrador'"), index=True)
    issue_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/pdf_service.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/pdf_service.py
@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@ def set_logo_key(db: Session, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, file_key: str) ->
    return obj


+def _compose_place(city: str | None, country: str | None, port: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """Arma 'Ciudad, PAÍS (Puerto)' con las partes que existan (ruta estructurada)."""
+    head = ", ".join(p for p in (city, country) if p)
+    if port:
+        head = f"{head} ({port})" if head else port
+    return head or None
+
+
 def _company_row(db: Session, company_id: int) -> dict:
    try:
        row = db.execute(
@@ -139,7 +147,8 @@ def build_pdf_bytes(db: Session, quote: Quote, tenant_id: int, company_id: int)
        route = [
            ("Operación", sr.operation_type), ("Modo", sr.transport_mode),
            ("Servicio", sr.service_type), ("Incoterm", sr.incoterm),
-            ("Origen", sr.origin), ("Destino", sr.destination),
+            ("Origen", sr.origin or _compose_place(sr.origin_city, sr.origin_country, sr.origin_port)),
+            ("Destino", sr.destination or _compose_place(sr.destination_city, sr.destination_country, sr.destination_port)),
            ("Fecha requerida", sr.required_date.isoformat() if sr.required_date else None),
        ]

--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/routes.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/routes.py
@@ -110,6 +110,24 @@ def create_quote(
    return service.create_quote(db, payload, tenant_id, company_id, _user_id(current_user))


+@router.post(
+    "/quotes/from-service-request",
+    response_model=list[QuoteResponse],
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
+def create_quotes_from_service_request(
+    service_request_id: int = Query(..., description="Solicitud de servicio a cotizar"),
+    company_id: int = Query(..., description="Company ID"),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_core_db),
+):
+    """Genera la(s) cotización(es) desde una solicitud. Si es 'Ambas' devuelve 2 (FCL/LCL)."""
+    tenant_id = current_user["tenant_id"]
+    return service.create_quotes_from_service_request(
+        db, service_request_id, tenant_id, company_id, _user_id(current_user)
+    )
+
+
@router.patch("/quotes/{quote_id}", response_model=QuoteResponse)
 def update_quote(
    quote_id: int,
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/service.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/quotes/service.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import date, datetime, timezone
 from decimal import Decimal

 from fastapi import HTTPException, status
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ from sqlalchemy import func
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session

 from ..accounts.models import Account
-from ..service_requests.models import ServiceRequest
+from ..common.folios import next_folio
+from ..service_requests.models import RateRequest, ServiceRequest
 from ..suppliers.models import Supplier
 from .dto import QuoteCreate, QuoteItemCreate, QuoteItemUpdate, QuoteUpdate
 from .models import Quote, QuoteItem
@@ -89,18 +90,104 @@ def get_quote(db: Session, quote_id: int, tenant_id: int, company_id: int) -> Qu
    return obj


+def _sr_direction(db: Session, service_request_id: int | None) -> str | None:
+    """Dirección impo/expo heredada de la solicitud asociada (para el folio)."""
+    if not service_request_id:
+        return None
+    sr = db.query(ServiceRequest).filter(ServiceRequest.id == service_request_id).first()
+    return sr.operation_type if sr else None
+
+
 def create_quote(
    db: Session, payload: QuoteCreate, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, user_id: str | None = None
 ) -> Quote:
    data = payload.model_dump()
    _validate_refs(db, data, tenant_id, company_id)
    obj = Quote(**data, tenant_id=tenant_id, company_id=company_id, created_by=user_id, updated_by=user_id)
+    # Fecha de la cotización: por defecto hoy si no se capturó
+    if obj.issue_date is None:
+        obj.issue_date = date.today()
+    # Folio C... auto-generado (mensual), con la dirección heredada de la solicitud
+    if not obj.reference:
+        obj.reference = next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "C", _sr_direction(db, obj.service_request_id))
    db.add(obj)
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(obj)
    return obj


+def create_quotes_from_service_request(
+    db: Session, service_request_id: int, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, user_id: str | None = None
+) -> list[Quote]:
+    """Genera cotización(es) a partir de una solicitud de servicio.
+
+    Si la solicitud es "Ambas" (FCL y LCL), genera **dos** cotizaciones (una por
+    variante) para comparar. Cada cotización toma su propio folio C... y hereda la
+    dirección impo/expo de la solicitud. Los conceptos se siembran desde las
+    solicitudes de tarifa (RateRequest) capturadas en la solicitud.
+    """
+    sr = (
+        db.query(ServiceRequest)
+        .filter(
+            ServiceRequest.id == service_request_id,
+            ServiceRequest.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            ServiceRequest.company_id == company_id,
+            ServiceRequest.deleted_at.is_(None),
+        )
+        .first()
+    )
+    if not sr:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Solicitud no encontrada")
+
+    variants = ["FCL", "LCL"] if (sr.load_type or "").upper() == "AMBAS" else [sr.load_type or None]
+    rate_requests = (
+        db.query(RateRequest)
+        .filter(
+            RateRequest.service_request_id == sr.id,
+            RateRequest.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            RateRequest.company_id == company_id,
+            RateRequest.deleted_at.is_(None),
+        )
+        .all()
+    )
+
+    created: list[Quote] = []
+    for variant in variants:
+        quote = Quote(
+            account_id=sr.account_id,
+            service_request_id=sr.id,
+            currency=sr.currency or "USD",
+            load_type=variant,
+            status="borrador",
+            issue_date=date.today(),
+            notes=sr.client_notes or sr.notes,
+            owner_user_id=sr.owner_user_id,
+            reference=next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "C", sr.operation_type),
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            company_id=company_id,
+            created_by=user_id,
+            updated_by=user_id,
+        )
+        db.add(quote)
+        db.flush()
+        for rr in rate_requests:
+            amount = rr.rate_amount if rr.rate_amount is not None else Decimal(0)
+            db.add(QuoteItem(
+                quote_id=quote.id, concept=rr.concept, description=rr.description,
+                supplier_id=rr.supplier_id, quantity=Decimal(1),
+                unit_cost=amount, unit_sale=amount, currency=rr.currency,
+                tenant_id=tenant_id, company_id=company_id,
+            ))
+        db.flush()
+        _recompute_totals(db, quote)
+        created.append(quote)
+
+    db.commit()
+    for quote in created:
+        db.refresh(quote)
+    return created
+
+
 def update_quote(
    db: Session, quote_id: int, payload: QuoteUpdate, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, user_id: str | None = None
 ) -> Quote:
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/dto.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/dto.py
@@ -7,22 +7,65 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 class ServiceRequestBase(BaseModel):
    reference: str | None = Field(None, max_length=40)
    account_id: int | None = None
+    contact_id: int | None = None
    opportunity_id: int | None = None
    operation_type: str = Field(..., max_length=20)  # importacion | exportacion
    transport_mode: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    service_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    incoterm: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
+    # Ruta legada (texto libre) — se conserva por compatibilidad
    origin: str | None = Field(None, max_length=160)
    destination: str | None = Field(None, max_length=160)
+    # Ruta estructurada (país por catálogo ISO; ciudad/puerto por catálogo o texto)
+    origin_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    origin_city: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    origin_port: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    destination_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    destination_city: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    destination_port: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    pickup_location: str | None = Field(None, max_length=255)
+    delivery_location: str | None = Field(None, max_length=255)
    cargo_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
-    weight: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    weight: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)  # peso bruto
    volume: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
-    load_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
+    load_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)  # FCL | LCL | AMBAS
    container_equipment: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    container_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
    commodity: str | None = None
    required_date: date | None = None
+    request_date: date | None = None
+    estimated_shipment_date: date | None = None
+    currency: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    priority: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    # Mercancía
+    cargo_value: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=2)
+    insurance_required: bool = False
+    hs_code: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    goods_origin_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    hazardous_imo: bool = False
+    refrigerated: bool = False
+    stackable: bool = False
+    # Dimensiones y bultos
+    pieces_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    boxes_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    pallets_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    net_weight: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    length_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    width_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    height_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    measurement_unit: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    # LCL
+    packaging_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    oversized: bool = False
+    weight_per_pallet: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    volume_per_pallet: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    # Servicios adicionales (códigos del catálogo servicio_adicional) y pago
+    additional_services: list[str] | None = None
+    payment_method: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    destination_agent_id: int | None = None
    requirements: str | None = None
+    client_notes: str | None = None
+    internal_notes: str | None = None
    status: str = Field("nueva", max_length=20)
    notes: str | None = None
    owner_user_id: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
@@ -38,8 +81,12 @@ class ServiceRequestContactInput(BaseModel):


 class ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(BaseModel):
-    """Datos para convertir una oportunidad del embudo en solicitud/RFQ (R-C-02)."""
-    operation_type: str = Field(..., max_length=20)  # importacion | exportacion
+    """Datos para convertir una oportunidad del embudo en solicitud/RFQ (R-C-02).
+
+    La dirección impo/expo se hereda de la oportunidad; ``operation_type`` aquí es
+    solo un respaldo para oportunidades antiguas que no la tengan capturada.
+    """
+    operation_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)  # importacion | exportacion
    transport_mode: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    service_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    incoterm: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
@@ -51,6 +98,7 @@ class ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(BaseModel):
 class ServiceRequestUpdate(BaseModel):
    reference: str | None = Field(None, max_length=40)
    account_id: int | None = None
+    contact_id: int | None = None
    opportunity_id: int | None = None
    operation_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    transport_mode: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
@@ -58,15 +106,51 @@ class ServiceRequestUpdate(BaseModel):
    incoterm: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
    origin: str | None = Field(None, max_length=160)
    destination: str | None = Field(None, max_length=160)
+    origin_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    origin_city: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    origin_port: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    destination_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    destination_city: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    destination_port: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    pickup_location: str | None = Field(None, max_length=255)
+    delivery_location: str | None = Field(None, max_length=255)
    cargo_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
    weight: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
    volume: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
    load_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=10)
    container_equipment: str | None = Field(None, max_length=120)
+    container_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
    commodity: str | None = None
    required_date: date | None = None
+    request_date: date | None = None
+    estimated_shipment_date: date | None = None
+    currency: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    priority: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    cargo_value: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=2)
+    insurance_required: bool | None = None
+    hs_code: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    goods_origin_country: str | None = Field(None, max_length=3)
+    hazardous_imo: bool | None = None
+    refrigerated: bool | None = None
+    stackable: bool | None = None
+    pieces_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    boxes_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    pallets_count: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    net_weight: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    length_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    width_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    height_cm: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
+    measurement_unit: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    packaging_type: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
+    oversized: bool | None = None
+    weight_per_pallet: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    volume_per_pallet: Decimal | None = Field(None, ge=0, max_digits=14, decimal_places=3)
+    additional_services: list[str] | None = None
+    payment_method: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    destination_agent_id: int | None = None
    requirements: str | None = None
+    client_notes: str | None = None
+    internal_notes: str | None = None
    status: str | None = Field(None, max_length=20)
    notes: str | None = None
    owner_user_id: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/models.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/models.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from datetime import date, datetime

-from sqlalchemy import Date, DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, Numeric, String, Text, text
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, Boolean, Date, DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, Numeric, String, Text, text
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column

 from api.v1.common.base_models import TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin
@@ -57,6 +57,55 @@ class ServiceRequest(Base, TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin):
    created_by: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)
    updated_by: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)

+    # ----- Campos del documento maestro de cotización (T2026-08) -----
+    # Datos generales
+    contact_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, ForeignKey("crm.contacts.id"), nullable=True, index=True
+    )
+    request_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)  # fecha de la solicitud
+    currency: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(3), nullable=True)
+    priority: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)  # baja|normal|alta|urgente
+    # Ruta (país por catálogo ISO; ciudad/puerto por catálogo o texto libre)
+    origin_country: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(3), nullable=True)
+    origin_city: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(120), nullable=True)
+    origin_port: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    destination_country: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(3), nullable=True)
+    destination_city: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(120), nullable=True)
+    destination_port: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    pickup_location: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    delivery_location: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    estimated_shipment_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
+    # Mercancía
+    cargo_value: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(14, 2), nullable=True)
+    insurance_required: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("false"))
+    hs_code: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)  # fracción arancelaria
+    goods_origin_country: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(3), nullable=True)  # país de origen de la mercancía
+    hazardous_imo: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("false"))
+    refrigerated: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("false"))
+    stackable: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("false"))
+    # Dimensiones y bultos
+    pieces_count: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    boxes_count: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    pallets_count: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    net_weight: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(14, 3), nullable=True)  # peso neto (weight = bruto)
+    length_cm: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(10, 2), nullable=True)
+    width_cm: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(10, 2), nullable=True)
+    height_cm: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(10, 2), nullable=True)
+    measurement_unit: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    # FCL
+    container_count: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    # LCL
+    packaging_type: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    oversized: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("false"))
+    weight_per_pallet: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(14, 3), nullable=True)
+    volume_per_pallet: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Numeric(14, 3), nullable=True)
+    # Servicios adicionales (lista de códigos del catálogo servicio_adicional) y pago
+    additional_services: Mapped[list | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    payment_method: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=True)
+    # Notas
+    client_notes: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    internal_notes: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+

 class RateRequest(Base, TenantScopedMixin, TimestampMixin):
    """Solicitud de tarifa a un proveedor para una solicitud de servicio (Diagrama 1, paso 6)."""
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/service.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/crm/service_requests/service.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Session

 from ..accounts.models import Account
 from ..catalogs.data import INCOTERM_CODES
+from ..common.folios import next_folio
+from ..contacts.models import Contact
 from ..opportunities.models import Opportunity
 from ..suppliers.models import Supplier
 from .dto import (
@@ -37,6 +39,8 @@ def _exists(db: Session, model, _id: int | None, tenant_id: int, company_id: int
 def _validate_request_refs(db: Session, data: dict, tenant_id: int, company_id: int) -> None:
    if not _exists(db, Account, data.get("account_id"), tenant_id, company_id):
        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY, detail="El cliente asociado no existe")
+    if not _exists(db, Contact, data.get("contact_id"), tenant_id, company_id):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY, detail="El contacto asociado no existe")
    if not _exists(db, Supplier, data.get("destination_agent_id"), tenant_id, company_id):
        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY, detail="El agente en destino no existe")
    if not _exists(db, Opportunity, data.get("opportunity_id"), tenant_id, company_id):
@@ -103,6 +107,9 @@ def create_service_request(
    data = payload.model_dump()
    _validate_request_refs(db, data, tenant_id, company_id)
    obj = ServiceRequest(**data, tenant_id=tenant_id, company_id=company_id, created_by=user_id, updated_by=user_id)
+    # Folio S... auto-generado (mensual) si no viene uno explícito
+    if not obj.reference:
+        obj.reference = next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "S", obj.operation_type)
    db.add(obj)
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(obj)
@@ -166,10 +173,24 @@ def create_from_opportunity(
    )
    if not opp:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Oportunidad no encontrada")
+
+    # Idempotente: si la oportunidad ya se convirtió, devuelve la misma solicitud
+    if opp.converted_service_request_id:
+        existing = get_service_request(db, opp.converted_service_request_id, tenant_id, company_id)
+        return existing
+
+    # La dirección impo/expo se hereda de la oportunidad (respaldo: el payload)
+    operation_type = opp.operation_type or payload.operation_type
+    if not operation_type:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
+            detail="Define la dirección (importación/exportación) en la oportunidad para convertirla",
+        )
    obj = ServiceRequest(
        account_id=opp.account_id,
+        contact_id=opp.contact_id,
        opportunity_id=opp.id,
-        operation_type=payload.operation_type,
+        operation_type=operation_type,
        transport_mode=payload.transport_mode,
        service_type=payload.service_type,
        incoterm=payload.incoterm,
@@ -178,12 +199,16 @@ def create_from_opportunity(
        status="nueva",
        notes=payload.notes,
        owner_user_id=opp.owner_user_id,
+        reference=next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "S", operation_type),
        tenant_id=tenant_id,
        company_id=company_id,
        created_by=user_id,
        updated_by=user_id,
    )
    db.add(obj)
+    db.flush()
+    # Back-link para cerrar el ciclo Oportunidad→Solicitud (y garantizar idempotencia)
+    opp.converted_service_request_id = obj.id
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(obj)
    return obj
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/ops/shipments/routes.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/ops/shipments/routes.py
@@ -65,11 +65,14 @@ def create_shipment(
 def create_shipment_from_quote(
    quote_id: int = Query(..., description="Cotización aceptada a liberar"),
    company_id: int = Query(..., description="Company ID"),
+    operation_type: str | None = Query(None, description="Confirma la dirección: importacion | exportacion"),
    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
    db: Session = Depends(get_core_db),
 ):
    tenant_id = current_user["tenant_id"]
-    return service.create_shipment_from_quote(db, quote_id, tenant_id, company_id, _user_id(current_user))
+    return service.create_shipment_from_quote(
+        db, quote_id, tenant_id, company_id, _user_id(current_user), operation_type=operation_type
+    )


@router.post("/shipments/{shipment_id}/reschedule", response_model=ShipmentResponse)
--- a/backend/api/v1/modules/ops/shipments/service.py
+++ b/backend/api/v1/modules/ops/shipments/service.py
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@ from sqlalchemy import func
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session

 from api.v1.modules.crm.accounts.models import Account
+from api.v1.modules.crm.common.folios import next_folio
 from api.v1.modules.crm.quotes.models import Quote
 from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests.models import ServiceRequest
 from api.v1.modules.crm.suppliers.models import Supplier

+# Direcciones válidas de la operación (para validar y sembrar hitos).
+_OPERATION_TYPES = ("importacion", "exportacion")
+
 from .dto import (
    ShipmentCloseInput,
    ShipmentCreate,
@@ -173,9 +177,20 @@ def delete_shipment(db: Session, shipment_id: int, tenant_id: int, company_id: i


 def create_shipment_from_quote(
-    db: Session, quote_id: int, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, user_id: str | None = None
+    db: Session, quote_id: int, tenant_id: int, company_id: int, user_id: str | None = None,
+    operation_type: str | None = None,
 ) -> Shipment:
-    """Liberar a Operaciones: crea el embarque a partir de una cotización aceptada."""
+    """Liberar a Operaciones: crea el embarque a partir de una cotización aceptada.
+
+    La dirección impo/expo se confirma al liberar (``operation_type``) y, si no se
+    envía, se hereda de la solicitud. Con la dirección resuelta se genera el folio
+    ``OP...`` y se siembran automáticamente los hitos del proceso (Diagramas 2 y 3).
+    """
+    if operation_type is not None and operation_type not in _OPERATION_TYPES:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
+            detail="Tipo de operación inválido: usa 'importacion' o 'exportacion'",
+        )
    quote = (
        db.query(Quote)
        .filter(
@@ -198,12 +213,15 @@ def create_shipment_from_quote(
    if quote.service_request_id:
        sr = db.query(ServiceRequest).filter(ServiceRequest.id == quote.service_request_id).first()

+    # La dirección enviada al liberar manda; si no viene, se hereda de la solicitud
+    resolved = operation_type or (sr.operation_type if sr else None)
+
    shipment = Shipment(
-        reference=quote.reference,
+        reference=next_folio(db, tenant_id, company_id, "OP", resolved),
        quote_id=quote.id,
        service_request_id=quote.service_request_id,
        account_id=quote.account_id,
-        operation_type=sr.operation_type if sr else None,
+        operation_type=resolved,
        transport_mode=sr.transport_mode if sr else None,
        service_type=sr.service_type if sr else None,
        incoterm=sr.incoterm if sr else None,
@@ -220,6 +238,13 @@ def create_shipment_from_quote(
    db.add(shipment)
    if sr:
        sr.status = "liberada"
+    db.flush()
+    # Siembra automática de hitos si ya se conoce la dirección de la operación
+    for position, (event_type, title, kind) in enumerate(_DEFAULT_MILESTONES.get(resolved or "", [])):
+        db.add(ShipmentEvent(
+            shipment_id=shipment.id, event_type=event_type, title=title, kind=kind,
+            status="pendiente", position=position, tenant_id=tenant_id, company_id=company_id,
+        ))
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(shipment)
    return shipment
--- a/backend/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/backend/tests/conftest.py
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ from core.database import Base  # noqa: E402
 import api.v1.modules.crm.accounts.models  # noqa: E402,F401
 import api.v1.modules.crm.activities.models  # noqa: E402,F401
 import api.v1.modules.crm.addresses.models  # noqa: E402,F401
+import api.v1.modules.crm.catalogs.models  # noqa: E402,F401
+import api.v1.modules.crm.common.folios  # noqa: E402,F401
 import api.v1.modules.crm.contacts.models  # noqa: E402,F401
 import api.v1.modules.crm.documents.models  # noqa: E402,F401
 import api.v1.modules.crm.leads.models  # noqa: E402,F401
--- a/backend/tests/test_catalogs_seed.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_catalogs_seed.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""Pruebas de la siembra idempotente de catálogos globales del CRM."""
+
+from api.v1.modules.crm.catalogs.models import CatalogItem
+from api.v1.modules.crm.catalogs.seed import seed_global_catalogs
+
+# Catálogos nuevos del proceso comercial y una clave base que debe existir en cada uno.
+NEW_CATALOGS = {
+    "tipo_operacion": "importacion",
+    "medio_transporte": "maritimo",
+    "tipo_servicio": "puerto_puerto",
+    "prioridad": "urgente",
+    "tipo_mercancia": "peligrosa",
+    "unidad_medida": "kg",
+    "tipo_embalaje": "pallet",
+    "servicio_adicional": "seguro",
+    "tipo_documento": "factura_comercial",
+}
+
+
+def _codes(db, catalog: str) -> set[str]:
+    return {
+        row.code
+        for row in db.query(CatalogItem.code).filter(
+            CatalogItem.catalog == catalog, CatalogItem.tenant_id.is_(None)
+        )
+    }
+
+
+def test_seed_creates_new_catalogs(db):
+    seed_global_catalogs(db)
+    for catalog, base_code in NEW_CATALOGS.items():
+        codes = _codes(db, catalog)
+        assert codes, f"El catálogo {catalog} quedó vacío"
+        assert base_code in codes, f"Falta la clave base {base_code} en {catalog}"
+
+
+def test_seed_is_idempotent(db):
+    first = seed_global_catalogs(db)
+    assert first, "La primera corrida debió sembrar filas"
+    second = seed_global_catalogs(db)
+    assert second == {}, "La segunda corrida no debe agregar filas nuevas"
+
+
+def test_pais_catalog_populated(db):
+    """El catálogo pais alimenta Origen/Destino de la solicitud (decisión 6)."""
+    seed_global_catalogs(db)
+    codes = _codes(db, "pais")
+    assert len(codes) > 100
+    assert "MEX" in codes
--- a/backend/tests/test_folios.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_folios.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""Pruebas del generador de folios del ciclo comercial (next_folio)."""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from api.v1.modules.crm.common.folios import next_folio
+
+T, C = 1, 1
+
+
+def test_folio_format_and_direction(db):
+    folio = next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 15))
+    assert folio == "O2025-08-001-E"
+    imp = next_folio(db, T, C, "S", "importacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 15))
+    assert imp == "S2025-08-001-I"
+    sin_dir = next_folio(db, T, C, "C", None, on_date=date(2025, 8, 15))
+    assert sin_dir == "C2025-08-001-X"
+
+
+def test_folio_monthly_consecutive_per_entity(db):
+    a = next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 1))
+    b = next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 20))
+    assert a == "O2025-08-001-E"
+    assert b == "O2025-08-002-E"  # mismo mes, mismo entity → +1
+
+
+def test_folio_resets_on_month_change(db):
+    next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 20))
+    sep = next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 9, 1))
+    assert sep == "O2025-09-001-E"  # nuevo mes → reinicia consecutivo
+
+
+def test_folio_entities_do_not_share_counter(db):
+    o = next_folio(db, T, C, "O", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 20))
+    s = next_folio(db, T, C, "S", "exportacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 20))
+    op = next_folio(db, T, C, "OP", "importacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 20))
+    assert o == "O2025-08-001-E"
+    assert s == "S2025-08-001-E"   # entity distinto → su propio consecutivo
+    assert op == "OP2025-08-001-I"
+
+
+def test_folio_unique_across_many(db):
+    folios = {next_folio(db, T, C, "C", "importacion", on_date=date(2025, 8, 10)) for _ in range(25)}
+    assert len(folios) == 25  # sin duplicados
--- a/backend/tests/test_quotes.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_quotes.py
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+from datetime import date
 from decimal import Decimal

+import pytest
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+
 from api.v1.modules.crm.quotes import service
 from api.v1.modules.crm.quotes.dto import QuoteCreate, QuoteItemCreate, QuoteItemUpdate
 from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests import service as sr_service
-from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests.dto import ServiceRequestCreate
+from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests.dto import RateRequestCreate, ServiceRequestCreate

 T, C = 1, 1

@@ -44,3 +48,70 @@ def test_accept_quote_updates_service_request(db):
    # la solicitud asociada queda aceptada
    sr = sr_service.get_service_request(db, sr.id, T, C)
    assert sr.status == "aceptada"
+
+
+# ----- Solicitud → Cotización -----
+
+def _sr_with_rates(db, load_type="FCL"):
+    sr = sr_service.create_service_request(
+        db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="importacion", load_type=load_type, currency="USD"), T, C
+    )
+    sr_service.create_rate_request(
+        db, RateRequestCreate(service_request_id=sr.id, concept="flete_internacional",
+                              rate_amount=1200, currency="USD"), T, C
+    )
+    sr_service.create_rate_request(
+        db, RateRequestCreate(service_request_id=sr.id, concept="despacho_aduanal",
+                              rate_amount=300, currency="USD"), T, C
+    )
+    return sr
+
+
+def test_quote_from_service_request_seeds_items(db):
+    sr = _sr_with_rates(db)
+    quotes = service.create_quotes_from_service_request(db, sr.id, T, C, user_id="dev")
+    assert len(quotes) == 1
+    q = quotes[0]
+    assert q.service_request_id == sr.id
+    assert q.reference.startswith("C") and q.reference.endswith("-I")
+    items = service.get_quote_items(db, q.id, T, C)
+    assert len(items) == 2
+    assert float(q.total_sale) == 1500.0  # 1200 + 300
+
+
+def test_quote_from_service_request_without_rates(db):
+    sr = sr_service.create_service_request(
+        db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="exportacion", load_type="FCL"), T, C
+    )
+    quotes = service.create_quotes_from_service_request(db, sr.id, T, C)
+    assert len(quotes) == 1
+    assert service.get_quote_items(db, quotes[0].id, T, C) == []
+
+
+def test_quote_from_service_request_not_found(db):
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        service.create_quotes_from_service_request(db, 999, T, C)
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 404
+
+
+def test_quote_from_service_request_ambas_genera_dos(db):
+    sr = _sr_with_rates(db, load_type="AMBAS")
+    quotes = service.create_quotes_from_service_request(db, sr.id, T, C)
+    assert len(quotes) == 2
+    variants = {q.load_type for q in quotes}
+    assert variants == {"FCL", "LCL"}
+    # cada variante siembra sus propios conceptos y toma su propio folio
+    assert quotes[0].reference != quotes[1].reference
+    for q in quotes:
+        assert len(service.get_quote_items(db, q.id, T, C)) == 2
+
+
+def test_quote_from_service_request_sets_issue_date_today(db):
+    sr = _sr_with_rates(db)
+    quotes = service.create_quotes_from_service_request(db, sr.id, T, C)
+    assert quotes[0].issue_date == date.today()
+
+
+def test_create_quote_sets_issue_date_today(db):
+    q = service.create_quote(db, QuoteCreate(reference="COT-DATE"), T, C)
+    assert q.issue_date == date.today()
--- a/backend/tests/test_service_requests.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_service_requests.py
@@ -3,10 +3,15 @@ from fastapi import HTTPException

 from api.v1.modules.crm.accounts import service as accounts_service
 from api.v1.modules.crm.accounts.dto import AccountCreate
+from api.v1.modules.crm.contacts import service as contacts_service
+from api.v1.modules.crm.contacts.dto import ContactCreate
+from api.v1.modules.crm.opportunities import service as opp_service
+from api.v1.modules.crm.opportunities.dto import OpportunityCreate
 from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests import service
 from api.v1.modules.crm.service_requests.dto import (
    RateRequestCreate,
    ServiceRequestCreate,
+    ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput,
    ServiceRequestUpdate,
 )

@@ -64,3 +69,88 @@ def test_update_service_request_status(db):
    sr = service.create_service_request(db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="exportacion"), T, C)
    upd = service.update_service_request(db, sr.id, ServiceRequestUpdate(status="en_analisis"), T, C)
    assert upd.status == "en_analisis"
+
+
+# ----- Campos del documento maestro de cotización -----
+
+def test_create_service_request_new_fields(db):
+    sr = service.create_service_request(
+        db,
+        ServiceRequestCreate(
+            operation_type="importacion", load_type="LCL", priority="alta",
+            origin_country="CHN", origin_city="Shanghai",
+            destination_country="MEX", destination_city="Manzanillo",
+            cargo_value=15000, insurance_required=True, hazardous_imo=True,
+            pieces_count=12, net_weight=800, measurement_unit="kg",
+            additional_services=["seguro", "despacho_aduanal"],
+            payment_method="99", client_notes="Manejo con cuidado",
+        ),
+        T, C,
+    )
+    assert sr.origin_country == "CHN"
+    assert sr.insurance_required is True
+    assert sr.hazardous_imo is True
+    assert sr.additional_services == ["seguro", "despacho_aduanal"]
+    assert sr.pieces_count == 12
+
+
+def test_service_request_rejects_unknown_contact(db):
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        service.create_service_request(
+            db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="importacion", contact_id=999), T, C
+        )
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
+
+
+def test_service_request_generates_folio(db):
+    sr = service.create_service_request(db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="exportacion"), T, C)
+    assert sr.reference is not None
+    assert sr.reference.startswith("S")
+    assert sr.reference.endswith("-E")
+
+
+def test_service_request_accepts_ambas(db):
+    sr = service.create_service_request(
+        db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="exportacion", load_type="AMBAS"), T, C
+    )
+    assert sr.load_type == "AMBAS"
+
+
+def test_from_opportunity_inherits_operation_type_and_backlink(db):
+    acc = accounts_service.create_account(db, AccountCreate(name="Cliente"), T, C)
+    contact = contacts_service.create_contact(
+        db, ContactCreate(account_id=acc.id, first_name="Ana"), T, C
+    )
+    opp = opp_service.create_opportunity(
+        db,
+        OpportunityCreate(name="Negocio", account_id=acc.id, contact_id=contact.id,
+                          operation_type="importacion"),
+        T, C,
+    )
+    sr = service.create_from_opportunity(
+        db, opp.id, ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(transport_mode="aereo"), T, C, user_id="dev"
+    )
+    # Hereda dirección y contacto de la oportunidad
+    assert sr.operation_type == "importacion"
+    assert sr.contact_id == contact.id
+    assert sr.opportunity_id == opp.id
+    assert sr.reference.startswith("S") and sr.reference.endswith("-I")
+    # Back-link en la oportunidad
+    refreshed = opp_service.get_opportunity(db, opp.id, T, C)
+    assert refreshed.converted_service_request_id == sr.id
+
+
+def test_from_opportunity_idempotent(db):
+    opp = opp_service.create_opportunity(
+        db, OpportunityCreate(name="Negocio", operation_type="exportacion"), T, C
+    )
+    first = service.create_from_opportunity(db, opp.id, ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(), T, C)
+    second = service.create_from_opportunity(db, opp.id, ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(), T, C)
+    assert first.id == second.id  # no crea una segunda solicitud
+
+
+def test_from_opportunity_without_direction_fails(db):
+    opp = opp_service.create_opportunity(db, OpportunityCreate(name="Sin dirección"), T, C)
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        service.create_from_opportunity(db, opp.id, ServiceRequestFromOpportunityInput(), T, C)
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
--- a/backend/tests/test_shipments.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_shipments.py
@@ -58,3 +58,47 @@ def test_shipment_rejects_unknown_quote(db):
    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
        service.create_shipment(db, ShipmentCreate(quote_id=999), T, C)
    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
+
+
+# ----- Cotización → Operación: dirección IMPO/EXPO + auto-hitos + folio OP -----
+
+def _accepted_quote(db, sr=None):
+    kwargs = {"reference": "COT-Z"}
+    if sr is not None:
+        kwargs["service_request_id"] = sr.id
+    q = quotes_service.create_quote(db, QuoteCreate(**kwargs), T, C)
+    quotes_service.accept_quote(db, q.id, T, C)
+    return q
+
+
+def test_from_quote_explicit_operation_type_generates_milestones(db):
+    q = _accepted_quote(db)
+    shipment = service.create_shipment_from_quote(db, q.id, T, C, operation_type="importacion")
+    assert shipment.operation_type == "importacion"
+    assert shipment.reference.startswith("OP") and shipment.reference.endswith("-I")
+    events = service.get_shipment_events(db, T, C, shipment.id)
+    assert len(events) == 11  # hitos de importación (Diagrama 3)
+
+
+def test_from_quote_inherits_sr_operation_type(db):
+    sr = sr_service.create_service_request(db, ServiceRequestCreate(operation_type="exportacion"), T, C)
+    q = _accepted_quote(db, sr=sr)
+    shipment = service.create_shipment_from_quote(db, q.id, T, C)  # sin operation_type explícito
+    assert shipment.operation_type == "exportacion"
+    events = service.get_shipment_events(db, T, C, shipment.id)
+    assert len(events) == 19  # hitos de exportación (Diagrama 2)
+
+
+def test_from_quote_no_operation_type_no_milestones(db):
+    q = _accepted_quote(db)  # sin solicitud → sin dirección
+    shipment = service.create_shipment_from_quote(db, q.id, T, C)
+    assert shipment.operation_type is None
+    assert service.get_shipment_events(db, T, C, shipment.id) == []  # sin hitos, sin excepción
+    assert shipment.reference.endswith("-X")
+
+
+def test_from_quote_invalid_operation_type(db):
+    q = _accepted_quote(db)
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        service.create_shipment_from_quote(db, q.id, T, C, operation_type="foo")
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422